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Shape memory composites for self-deployable structures in aerospace applications

机译:用于航空应用中可自行部署结构的形状记忆复合材料

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摘要

Shape memory composites (SMCs) are attractive materials as they combine typical mechanical and functional properties of composites with shape memory properties. Such properties can be given to composite materials and structures by using shape memory polymer (SMP) matrices or integrating parts made of SMPs. In the case of integration, flexible composite skins can be applied over a shape memory foam core obtaining composite sandwich that can be shaped to change its stiffness or to reduce its volume. After the application of a given stimulus (generally by heating) the initial shape can be recovered. Future applications for this class of materials are self-deployable structures for space systems (such as actuators of solar sails or smart aerodynamic structures). In this work, two new SMC self-deployable structures were prototyped: a composite cross and a composite frame containing a thin aluminum sheet. The former structure represents a possible deploying configuration for a structural sheet whereas the latter is a conceptual study of a solar sail. The experimental results are very promising, showing that such structures can successfully self-deploy following the desired design constraints without noticeable damages. Finally, new perspectives for applications are highlighted.
机译:形状记忆复合材料(SMC)是有吸引力的材料,因为它们将复合材料的典型机械和功能特性与形状记忆特性结合在一起。通过使用形状记忆聚合物(SMP)矩阵或由SMP制成的零件,可以赋予复合材料和结构以此类特性。在集成的情况下,可以将柔性复合材料表皮施加到形状记忆泡沫芯上,从而获得复合材料三明治,该复合材料三明治可以成形以改变其刚度或减小其体积。施加给定的刺激(通常通过加热)后,可以恢复初始形状。此类材料的未来应用是用于空间系统的可自行部署的结构(例如太阳帆的执行器或智能空气动力学结构)。在这项工作中,对两个新的SMC自展开结构进行了原型设计:一个复合叉和一个包含薄铝板的复合框架。前者结构代表结构板的可能展开配置,而后者是对太阳帆的概念研究。实验结果非常有前途,表明此类结构可以按照所需的设计约束成功进行自我部署,而不会造成明显的损坏。最后,重点介绍了应用程序的新观点。

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